What is the Best Power of the Project Manager?

项目的环境就像一家初创公司的环境。持续的压力要以有限的预算和固定的时间表。更重要的是，您将始终有新的团队成员。

在这种情况下，您将必须管理您的团队并激励他们尽力而为。

This is not an easy task, and you will have to use your soft and hard skills to push team members continuously.

作为项目经理，您可以拥有许多权力。第六版《 PMBOK指南》认可了项目经理的以下14bob手机客户端个权力：

• 正式或合法权力
• 奖励能力
• 惩罚能力
• 专家力量
• Relational Power
• 信息能力
• 有说服力的力量
• 发育能力
• 个人力量
• Situational Power
• 基于压力的力量
• 基于内的力量
• Avoiding Power
• 威望权利

现在出现问题了 - 哪个是项目经理的最佳力量？

This was my favorite part of myPMP exam preparation。

在研究这个主题的同时，到处都说专家和奖励权力是项目经理的最佳权力。但是，我不明白这一点。他们是最好的还是单独的？

我研究了它，并给予了很多思考，但是我在任何地方都没有找到令人信服的答案。

由于我已经通过了PMP考试并拥有博客，因此我发布了我对此主题的理解。

请注意，此博客文章中表达的所有观点都是我自己的。您可能会不同意他们。如果您在下面的评论中分享您的想法，我将不胜感激。

让我们开始吧。

Power of the Project Manager

您可以将权力定义为影响利益相关者做出有利的决定。例如，您可以强迫他们跳舞您的歌曲或以您的魅力吸引他们。

You can group these powers into two categories: positional power and personal power.

You get positional power just by being the project manager. Some examples are formal power, reward power, and punishment power.

Personal power is something you have due to your personality, experience, or knowledge. Some examples are expert power and referent power.

许多专家说，奖励和专家权力是最好的。我同意这些是项目经理的影响力更好。

However, are you sure that these two powers are equally good, and that each one alone can help a project manager to complete他们的项目成功地？

I do not fully agree with this.

Let me explain this to you in detail; I believe that after going through this blog post, you will agree with me.

First, we will take a quick look at all the types of power, and then we will have a detailed discussion.

正式或合法权力

As long as you are a project manager, you have this power. This power comes with the position itself; therefore, this power is also called positional power. Team members will obey orders from you because they know that you have the authority.

在预测and strong矩阵型组织。

但是，这种力量不存在functional organizationor a weak matrix organization. In those cases, you will have to use your soft skills to get the job done.

奖励能力

奖励是可取的，团队成员将为您提供支持，因为他们认为如果他们表现良好，您将奖励他们。奖励可能是货币，例如增加工资，奖金或晋升，或非货币，例如认可，专业发展，赞赏信或休息日。

Reward power is attached to the formal authority of the project manager.

您可能正在职能组织或预算紧张的工作中工作，因此给予货币奖励可能很困难。因此，非货币奖励，例如认可，培训建议或有价值的任务是普遍的。

A reward should be achievable, and it should not be a win-lose type of reward. Criteria for it should be fair, transparent, and possible for all.

奖励能力是位置力量，如果您在预测的或强大的矩阵组织中工作，则可以拥有它。尽管您也可以在功能或弱矩阵组织中获得奖励功率，但在这里您只能为团队成员提供非货币福利。

惩罚能力

Nobody wants to receive a punishment. Punishment power comes with the formal authority of the project manager. Here, team members will obey you because they are afraid that if they do not perform efficiently, they may get punished. Here you use fear as a primary tool to get work done. Punishment power is also known as coercive power.

这种类型的功率与一个强矩阵组织有关。

Usually, you will use this power when a member is not performing well or is creating problems.

专家力量

Being a subject matter expert is an excellent influential power. Team members will respect you for your expertise. They trust you because you are an expert and you know how to manage work.

专家力量被认为是影响他人跟随您的领导的积极力量。如果您没有专家知识，那么您很难获得团队成员的尊重。

Relational Power

如果您与组织中的一些有影响力的人有联系，那么您就具有关系权力。您的联系意味着团队成员也希望与您建立联系。

如果您是新的项目经理，那么当您没有其他功率（正式权力）时，此功能可能会在项目的初始阶段为您提供帮助，因为您可能被认为与顶级管理层紧密相符。

信息能力

俗话说，信息良好意味着装备精良。信息是任何项目成功的关键。如果您负责处理信息或拥有一些信息，那么您有更大的机会成功完成该项目。

有说服力的力量

If you can say “go to hell” in such a way that people look forward to the trip, you have this power. The point is that you can convince your team to follow your lead.

发育能力

If you are an expert in flattery, you have this power. Here, you try to find common ground, emphasize, and achieve cooperation. This is a beneficial skill when avoiding tough situations.

个人力量

这种力量取决于您的个性；您的外观，说话方式以及您的行为方式。这种力量也被称为魅力。

Situational Power

如果您过去已经从危机中救出了项目，那么您就有这种力量。团队成员会记住您的努力，并尊重您的英勇行为。

基于压力的力量

如果您定期向团队成员施加压力，以便在紧迫的时间表内（有时在不切实际的条件下完成任务），您将拥有这种力量。

基于内的力量

在这里，您通知团队成员他们的表现不佳，并且正在影响该项目。即使他们表现良好。您向他们灌输他们必须表现更好。因此，团队成员会感到内gui，并尝试更加努力。

Avoiding Power

如果您避免做出艰难的决定和错过会议，那么您将避免权力。这是最负面的力量之一，您不想与之相关。

威望权利

If you have been working in a profession for a long time and earned some credibility, you have this power.

My View

You can have any or all of the powers explained here, but to complete the project successfully with minimal hassle you should have at least three of these powers; i.e., formal power, reward power, and expert power.

例如，正式权力将您的权力确立为项目的负责人，奖励能力可以帮助您激励团队成员，专家权力将帮助您获得团队成员的信任和支持。

在某些情况下，惩罚能力有效。关系力量的影响并非持久。

Now, again, ask yourself: what is the best power for a project manager?

让我们看看在哪些情况下，团队成员将更有动力并致力于表现：

A willing team member will do a better job, and the motivation to work comes from reward power. Team members will be more committed if they know that they are going to be rewarded.

凭借正式和惩罚能力，团队成员被殴打成屈服，这不会激发他们的激励。

凭借专家权力，尽管团队成员尊重您，他们相信您的决定，但这种信任不会转化为动力。这可能是一个稳定的影响力，但永远不会成为动力。没有激励因素，性能和效率的提高将不会发生。

I accept the importance of expert power; however, I firmly believe that reward power is better than expert power in motivating team members and results in a better performance.

概括

It is vital to understand every type of power that a project manager can use in different situations and various各种组织so that you can be flexible and adaptive. If you are working in a projectized organization, you will have punishment and reward power. However, if you are working in a functional organization, you will have to depend on expert power and your soft skills.

What kind of power do you hold in your organization, and how do you find it useful? Please share your thoughts in the comments section below.

FYI:While searchingjob for a project manager，我遇到了Jooble，发现它很有用。在这里分享它，希望您也会发现它也有用。