RFI与RFQ：信息请求与报价请求

Project procurement management is concerned with sourcing material, consumables, and human resources for project execution. A result is abinding contractbetween two parties.

Contracting processes start with bidding, and RFI and RFQ are bidding documents that allow organizations to interact with prospective sellers.

RFI代表Request for Information, and RFQ stands forRequest for Quotation.

本文将讨论这两个合同文件之间的区别，即RFI与RFQ。

RFI Vs. RFQ

We will start with the RFI.

RFI (Request for Information)

RFI helps buyers get information from the supplier regarding any service or product. This information allows buyers to proceed with eitherRFPor RFQ.

In simple terms, an RFI is sent to bidders to gather information before issuing RFP or RFQ.

An RFI is a non-binding document, and suppliers provide the information without obligation to the buyer.

For instance, if a buyer lacks the information needed to proceed with construction, they will raise an RFI expressing concerns and get helpful responses. Later, they can develop RFP or RFQ and float the tender.

RFI的示例

Guideline for Raising an RFI

• Maintain a professional and considerate tone
• Be specific
• 为了清楚地提供足够的情况或问题的背景
• 根据需要包括附加的图像，视频或文档
• Use a consistent format type and document numbering
• Suggest a solution or possible explanation for the question
• Give adequate time for a response

RFI的整个本质是信息收集和文档。

While making a procurement decision, the performing organization may need the following information:

• 当前的市场状况
• 趋势和因素推动变化
• Alternative pricing strategies
• 供应商等产品的广度

RFI的好处

The benefits of RFI are as follows:

• Provide the required information to the seller
• Requirements are vetted appropriately
• 用最新趋势更新组织数据

RFQ（请求报价）

Organizations使用RFQ达到供应商并报价the product or services they intend to buy.

You use Request for Quotation when the price is the main deciding factor, requirements are well-defined, and the proposed solution is easily available. It is best suited for standard products and services.

目标是每个项目的价格；最低的出价获得了奖项。

RFQ can sometimes be called an Invitation for Bid (IFB).

供应商提供了要向买方采购的物品/服务的详细信息。

RFQ的示例

The RFQ includes a statement of work to help the contractor to provide a price.

一个例子工作声明（SOW）RFQ中包括以下：

提出RFQ的指南

Some guidelines for raising an RFQ are as follows:

• 需要最少数量的报价（例如，至少三个出价）
• 承包商必须以报价的价格包括税收和物流。
• A supplier must not submit more than one offer. Doing so will lead to disqualification.
• 除非RFQ中提到，否则买方和卖方之间就有关公平和透明的报价的报价都不会进行谈判。
• The qualified contractor or supplier with the lowest-priced bid will receive the award.采购

RFQ的好处

The following are a few benefits of RFQ:

• Get the lowest price for the required item.
• Provide useful information for future planning
• 确保竞标者公平透明的过程

RFI和RFQ之间的比较

RFI and RFQ documents have some similarities, such as:

• They are both procurement documents
• 它们来自买家到外部供应商

However, they are different and serve different purposes.

The below table shows a few differences between RFQ and RFI.

Frequently Asked Questions

＃1。RFI或RFQ是否首先出现？

RFI comes first. Based on RFI information, buyers prepare RFQ and float it in the open market.

＃2。RFI是出价吗？

No, RFI is not a bid. It is a request to a seller to provide voluntary information to buyers and is not legally binding.

#3. Is an RFQ a Bid?

是的，RFQ是一个出价。

#4. Who Prepares RFI and RFQ?

买方准备合同文件并将其发送给卖方。

概括

采购涉及从第三方购买，该过程应提供行动的选择。例如，通信的文档可以是RFI或RFQ。RFI用于信息收集，但是用于购买产品或服务，RFQ是正确的文档。

Reference

1. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/request_for_quotation#:~: text=A%20Request%20For%20Quotation%20 Quotation%20(RFQ，The%20Price%20Per%20Per%20Item.
2. https://www.bpp.gov.ng/wp-content/uploads/2019/01/Public-Procurement-Act-2007pdf.pdf
3. https://www.negotiations.com/articles/procurement-terms/
4. https://constructioncoverage.com/glossary/request-for-information
5. Specialised Management Group PMP&CAPM Exam Preparation Course Material, Section 9, pg. 7, 18.
6. PMBOK Guide, Project Management Institute, Seventh edition, pg. 74-75