Enterprise Environmental Factors (EEF) & Organizational Process Assets (OPA)

Though the nature of a项目is temporary, they are not performed in isolation. They work in a controlled environment and are affected by Enterprise Environmental Factors (EEF) and Organizational Process Assets (OPA).

The Project Management Institute terms them as influences. Enterprise environmental factors can be internal or external, while organizational process assets are always internal to an organization.

Enterprise environmental factors and organizational process assets are widely discussed in thebob手机客户端and are inputs of almost all processes. You must have a thorough understanding of EEF vs OPA.

Although the concepts are straightforward, many PMP aspirants fail to understand them and often make mistakes on the exam.

请注意，您可能会或可能不会在考试中看到有关这些主题的直接问题，但是对EEF和OPA有了更好的了解，无疑会帮助您进行考试。

Enterprise Environmental Factors (EEF)

首先，在开始讨论企业环境因素之前，我们应该理解“环境”一词。

您可以将环境定义为与自然世界以及人类活动或其状况的影响，个人所居住的文化以及与之互动的人民和机构（Wikipedia）。

Since we live in an environment, it influences our behavior in a certain way.

例如，在寒冷的天气中，我们需要穿羊毛衣服以保持自己的温暖。寒冷的天气是“环境”，迫使我们用羊毛衣服掩盖自己。

This is the impact of a cold environment on us.

现在，我们来到企业环境因素。

企业环境因素是影响组织或影响组织的项目管理团队的影响项目, and its outcome. Every organization has to exist and work within the EEF.

These influences may have positive or negative impacts on your project constraints, though often, the impact is negative.

Enterprise environment factors can be either internal or external.

外部企业环境因素的示例如下：

• Government regulations
• 市场条件
• External political conditions
• 行业标准
• Legal restrictions

A few examples of internal enterprise environmental factors include:

• 组织文化
• Type of organizational structure
• 内部政治条件
• Available resources
• Infrastructure

组织流程资产（OPA）

Before moving onto the organizational process assets, let us define assets.

An asset is defined as a useful or valuable entity or property owned by a person or company, which has value and is available to meet debts, commitments, or legacies.

资产是您可以在任何时间点拥有，保留和利用的东西。

Examples of assets are numerous; you can have a car, which helps you move around, a house to live in, a computer to work on… the list is endless.

以同样的方式organizations还拥有帮助他们实现目标的资产。在这里，这些资产称为组织流程资产。这些OPA是PMBOK指南几乎所有过程的输入。bob手机客户端项目管理团队可以根据他们的要求修改这些飞散。

Once the project has ended, these organizational process assets can be stored in a central repository so that they can be used whenever required for any future projects.

Organizational process assets can be divided into two categories.

The first is for processes, policies, and procedures for conducting work, which includes the following:

• 政策
• 程序
• Standard templates
• General guidelines

项目管理团队通常不能像组织提供的那样更新或修改这些元素。但是，项目经理可以提供反馈或建议，高级管理人员可以决定更新或修改。

The second category comprises the corporate knowledge base for storing and retrieving information. For example:

• 风险register
• Lessons learned
• Stakeholder register
• Past project files
• Historical information

These organizational process assets influence the project’s success, and they keep growing as the organization becomes larger.

让我们说你在识别风险process. You decide to start identifying risks by using a checklist.

You are not going to create this checklist from scratch; you will look at any similar past project records to find a risk checklist and customize it as per your project requirements. This will save you a lot of time.

项目管理中有一个非常著名的说法：“为什么要重新发明轮子？”这意味着如果您有东西可以使用，为什么要尝试重新制作？您可以自由更新或修改此类别的元素。

组织流程资产广泛用于项目管理。项目管理团队的责任是在开始从头开始构建某些东西之前在历史记录中寻找任何相关文档。

The Difference Between Organizational Process Assets and Enterprise Environmental Factors (EEF Vs OPA)

组织过程资产和企业环境因素之间存在许多差异。

Organizational process assets help organizations to improve their processes, help project management teams to learn, and share best practices by using a collective knowledge base.

另一方面，企业环境因素可能会或可能不会帮助您的组织。这些是您的组织必须工作的条件，并且不属于项目管理团队的控制。

For example, if the government increases taxes, it will affect your profits negatively; however, if they decrease taxes, your profits will increase.

此外，企业环境因素不容易改变。你必须和他们一起生活。组织流程资产可以根据其适用性进行定制，并使项目管理团队的生活更加舒适。

重要的是要注意，组织流程资产始终支持项目团队，而企业环境因素可以帮助或阻碍。

Summary

企业环境因素（EEF）和组织过程资产（OPA）是PMBOK指南中最广泛地提到的影响。bob手机客户端EEFS为您提供了组织居住并完成项目的受控环境。OPA通过提供所有公司知识，政策和程序等来为您提供帮助。

You have to understand these influences as they are inputs of most processes and you have to manage your project within them.

您的项目如何受企业环境因素和组织流程资产（EEF和OPA）的影响？请在评论部分中分享您的想法。