Today will discuss negative risk response strategies.
风险is an unplanned event that may or may not occur. If it does, it can impact your project objectives, such as scope, cost, quality, or schedule. The impact can be positive or negative.
A positive risk has a positive effect, while the impact of a negative risk is negative. Your aim should be to increase the chances of positive risks while avoiding negative risks. If avoidance is not possible, you will try to reduce the impact or the probability of the latter.
You will identify these risks during the planning phase and develop a strategy to manage them.
管理负面风险和积极风险的策略是不同的。我们将讨论负面风险反应策略。我已经讨论过积极的风险反应策略in another post.
Negative Risk Response Strategies
根据《 PMBOK指南》，我们有五bob手机客户端种策略：
- 升级
- Mitigate
- Transfer
- 避免
- 接受
Ideally, you want to avoid risks, but this is often not possible.
升级
由于缺乏权威，资源或知识，因此无法管理风险时，您会使用升级的风险响应策略。b0b体育app
您与您的PMO或管理层联系以承担风险。一旦高级权威接受，您将不采取进一步的行动风险注册.
例如，您的地方政府宣布一项法规，可能会对您的项目产生负面影响。您没有资源来管理这种风险b0b体育app，因此您可以处理管理。
You can use this risk response strategy for positive and negative risks.
Mitigate
This risk response strategy helps you lessen the impact or probability of the risk. This strategy decreases the severity.
For example, a team member may leave during the peak of your project. To reduce the impact of their absence, you find another employee with similar qualifications in your organization.
新员工可能不像capable, but they can cover.
这是一种纯粹的负面风险响应策略。
Transfer
当您缺乏管理风险或忙于管理风险的技能或资源时，您会使用此策略。b0b体育app
You simply transfer the responsibility to a third party. If the risk occurs, the third party will manage it, and you will be safe from the impact. Note that transferring does not eliminate the risk; it only shifts the responsibility.
例如，您必须安装设备，但没有太多经验。该任务很复杂，很少有承包商成功地完成了任务。您找到专家并雇用他们为您完成任务，签署固定价格合同.
In this way, you have transferred the risk responsibility to a third party, and now they will complete the task at the agreed time and cost.
Transferring risk can cause a secondary risk. For example, although you have given it to a third party, you are responsible for the project from the client’s point of view.
这再次是纯粹的负面风险响应策略。
避免
在这里，您尝试消除风险或影响。您可以通过更改项目管理计划，范围或时间表来完成此操作。
您使用具有关键风险的策略。这是最好的技术，因此可以在可能的情况下使用它。
It becomes easier if you identify the risk in an early stage, as changing the scope or plan in later stages is difficult and costly.
You will have to convince the client or your management to change the scope or schedule to use this strategy. Avoid risk response strategies require after their approval.
例如，您发现某些时期有下雨的机会，当时您有计划的工作。因此，您将这些活动移至几天后，以避免风险。
This is a negative risk response strategy.
接受
You can use this risk response strategy with positive and negative risks. Here you take no action to manage the risk other than acknowledging it.
如果不可能或使用其他策略做出响应，或者它不重要，并且不要求响应时，则将其使用具有非关键风险的策略。
You can accept the risk either by actively or passively acknowledging it. In an active acceptance strategy, you keep a separatecontingency reserveto manage the risk, and in passive acceptance, you do nothing except record to the risk register.
For example, you are digging for a building foundation, and there is a risk of finding artifacts, though the chances are low. So you record this in the risk register and take no action because a response plan is costly, with no guarantee it will occur.
This risk response strategy can be used with negative and positive risks.
概括
负面风险会对您的项目目标产生负面影响。作为项目经理，您将尝试最大程度地减少影响。您有五种负面风险响应策略来管理负面风险。每种策略都有其自身的重要性，您将选择最适合这种情况和风险的策略。在这五种策略中，升级是唯一的策略，因为管理层这样做以来就不承担任何责任。
How do you select negative risk response strategies? Please share your thoughts in the comments section.
从PMP和PMI-RMP考试的角度来看，此主题至关重要，您会看到许多问题。
