今天，我们将讨论项目管理中的S曲线，并为您提供其定义和示例。
S-curve is a graph that shows the relevant cumulative data for your project. The data can be costs, person-hours, etc.
S-curve is a good communication tool and helps project managers communicate project progress to项目利益相关者.
让我们深入更深。
S-Curve
Project management has become complex nowadays, and you need to track many parameters to monitor status and progress.
You will require some tools to learn your processes and identify issues.
一个这样的项目管理工具是S-Curve图，它可以揭示有关您项目的关键数据。
S-Curve是一个数学图，代表项目的汇总数据。此信息可以是项目成本或随着时间的时间人数的数量。
由于图的S形，该曲线被称为S曲线。
请注意，该图的形状取决于项目的类型，并且可能与通常的S-曲线不同。
通常，S曲线跟踪工作进度，预测现金流并评估绩效。S-Curve显示实时累积数据并将其与计划进度进行比较的能力是其受欢迎程度的关键原因。
What is the “S” in S-Curve?
没有强加“ S”形状；这仅仅是图形从项目启动到末尾的形状。
随着时间的流逝，增长开始加速。这种增长由图中的“ S”的中间部分表示，这表明了这一迅速上升。
拐点是发生变化的点。这些是曲线的关键领域，因为它们显示出生长的变化。
The growth hits a plateau after it has passed through the inflection point, forming the upper half of the s-curve. In this stage, the project is matured.
This maturity is attributable to the fact that most project work is now complete and in the process of being wound down.
Prerequisites for S-Curves
You need monitoring parameters and time intervals to draw an s-curve.
一些监视参数是成本，可交付成果的数量，劳动力单位（人小时）等。
The time interval can be indicated in weeks, days, or months; it is the frequency with which certain metrics must be examined. The vertical axis is used to plot monitoring parameters, whereas the horizontal axis represents time.
S曲线类型
S-Curve罐有多种类型，例如：
- 基线S曲线
- Target S-curve
- 花费与时间S-Curve
- 价值和百分比S-Curve
- 工时与时间S-Curve
- 实际的s曲线
基线S曲线
在项目启动之前，创建了时间表来概述预期的资源分配和任务测序。时间表称为基线时间表；从该时间表中得出的S曲线称为基线S-曲线。
This s-curve shows the project’s anticipated progress. The baseline schedule can be revised if any project parameters, such as duration, scope, etc., change.
目标s曲线
Modifications to the baseline schedule occur frequently after the project is started. This modified schedule is known as the production schedule. In the beginning, the production schedule is the same as the baseline schedule, but it changes as the project progresses.
生产时间表代表该项目迄今为止的实际进度以及所有调整。
A target s-curve can be produced from the production schedule, and it represents the project’s ideal progress as though the actual progress is the same as planned progress. In a perfect world where a project is on budget and on time, the target s-curve would intersect the baseline s-curve at the project’s conclusion.
如果该项目提前按计划并在预算下，它将在下面和基线S-Curve的左侧结论。实际上，由于项目经常被延迟并且预算过高，因此S-Curve经常在基准S-Curve的右上结束。
花费与时间S-Curve
The costs vs time s-curve is useful for projects that include labor and non-labor costs such as subcontracting, hiring, and supplying materials. It shows the total cost incurred throughout the项目生命周期可以用来计算项目成本和现金流。
Value and Percentage S-Curves
S-curves can be plotted as absolute quantities such as values vs time or costs or person-hours vs time. Value s-curves can be used to calculate the number of man-hours or amount spent so far, as well as the number of person-hours or cost needed to finish the project.
S曲线百分比可用于比较项目的计划中与实际完成的百分比，该项目的增长百分比，收缩等。
工时与时间S-Curve
s-curv的工时与时间e is suitable for labor-intensive projects, and it shows the number of man-hours spent on the project over time. The man-hours is the sum of the manpower needed and the number of hours to execute the task.
Actual S-Curve
在整个项目生命周期中，定期修订生产计划。这些修订包括完成的工作中的数据，您可以使用此数据构建实际的S-Curve。
This s-curve shows the actual progress, but it can be used to compare progress with the target baseline s-curve to compare the performance.
实际的S曲线在项目的截止日期结束，这是生产计划更新的最后一天。实际的S曲线在项目结束时符合目标S-Curve。
Understanding the Lines in an S-Curve
前弹曲线
前载的S曲线急剧开始，逐渐变平。它有一个快速的开始。在这里，在项目的初始阶段花费了更多的时间b0b体育app和资源。
这可能会发生大量重复并且需要最小的计划和准备时间的项目。从一开始就匆忙的项目中使用了前曲线。
后载S曲线
后载的S曲线始于较小的斜率，随着项目的进行，陡峭程度逐渐增加，预计大多数资源将在该项目的后面使用。b0b体育app
后载S曲线建议在项目开始时进行广泛的计划和设计，并缩短了开发时间。
S-Curve在项目管理中的使用
绩效和进度评估
S-curves help assess the project’s progress and performance usingearned value management (EVM).
为了确定项目的当前状态，进度和未来预测，您需要确定以下参数：实际成本，赚取价值和计划价值.
这些元素中的每一个都必须与设计的S曲线进行比较。这些比较可帮助您查看项目是否超过/不超出预算或之前/落后时间。
目标s曲线和实际的S曲线之间的差异显示了该项目随着时间的推移的进展。对于大多数项目，由于许多因素，例如生产计划中的更新延迟，实际的S-曲线将低于目标S-曲线。曲线仅在项目末端附近相交。
Growth Determination
当比较基线和目标S曲线时，您可以查看项目的范围是否发生了变化。
范围更改可能需要额外的资源，并需要合同变化。b0b体育app如果项目具有固定资源，则可能需要项目扩展。b0b体育app
Determining Slippage
The duration that a task is pushed back from its schedule is referred to as slippage. It is the difference between a task’s scheduled start or its finish date and the baseline start and finish dates.
当建立基线时间表时，就会发生打滑，并且实际日期距离基线时间表。
比较基线和靶S曲面时，您可以立即看到滑移，因为目标S-曲线终止于基线S-曲线的右侧。
您可能必须分配额外的资源以避免打滑。b0b体育app如果不可能避免打滑，您将提出更改请求以更新时间表基准。
Forecasting Cash Flows
Cash flow refers to the flow of cash and its timing.
现金流曲线使您可以评估金钱的要求以及到期付款的确切时间。
结论
在项目管理中，您必须跟踪许多参数，并且在这种情况下，S-Curve非常有帮助。它是跟踪与人工小时以及其他方面相关的成本的绝佳工具。
If you are into project management, you will find s-curves useful.
Please share your experience with using s-curves in your projects.
注意：从PMP考试的角度来看，此主题至关重要。
