Organizations operate to achieve strategic goals and to achieve these goals they use strategies and tactics.
如果您曾经参与过高级战略业务计划，则必须听说战略和策略。
Tactics and strategy are different terms, and today’s blog post will discuss these planning concepts in detail.
什么是策略？
Strategy is the long-term direction ofan organization. It is an action plan that defines goals and dictates how you will achieve these goals. It talks about the future or where the organization is heading.
Top executives formulate strategy, focusing on business growth, sustainability, continuity, growth, and market dominance.
Strategy is an organization’s uniqueness in the market.
什么是战术？
策略涉及的日常活动rganization. They are short-term in approach. They are also known as initiatives that add up to achieve the strategy. They include specific plans, best practices, etc.
策略是实现目标的行动计划，策略是实现目标的个人行动。
策略是该战略的执行部分。
成功涉及战略的执行（策略）。组织必须确保其策略与战略保持一致。
企业通过项目执行策略。组织不仅需要进行定期的战略审查，不仅要进行运营审查，还需要确保各个任务与企业的公司战略保持一致。
Strategy Vs Tactics
策略和策略的比较如下所示。
战略技能
以下是制定组织策略所需的技能。
- Ability to see a high-level overview of the organization
- Knowing other functions to see how they interlink
- Ability to apply the good product and industry expertise
- 能够与高层管理人员和项目团队合作以实施战略性可交付成果
- 传达项目基本业务方面的能力
- Ability to think at the project and portfolio level to understand how proposed projects fit into the business strategy.
Tactical skills
需要以下技能来执行组织中的日常策略。
- 优先级和管理时间
- 专注于项目或运营的技术要素
- 调整敏捷和传统工具的交付工具
- Strong ability to manage critical success factors, schedule, budget, risks, etc.
战略活动和战术活动都有共同的技能：
- 企业家精神
- 谈判技巧
- Communication skills
- Interpersonal skills
Organizational Project Management (OPM)
资源s are limited, so organizations prioritizeprojects要么programs. The OPM model helps understand the strategic objective of the business. It is a strategic execution framework like theBalanced Scorecardand prioritizes resources.
该框架集成了将计划和项目与组织和活动的策略保持一致的活动，这些活动有助于过渡项目为实现业务福利而导致运营。
In project management, OPM is used to align projects to organizational strategy. It ensures efficient use of project resources and saves costs by eliminating projects unrelated to the organization’s strategic objective.
组织策略是对公司OPM的投入。
平衡记分卡（BSC）
The BSC is a performance model that identifies strategy drivers at the highest level. Businesses must ensure lower-level objectives and measures shown through tactics are consistent with high-level strategies.
A balanced scorecard helps translate a vision into key strategies that can be implemented.
Examples of a Balanced Scorecard
战略：Be the preferred destination for poultry products in the XYZ community.
Examples of Strategy and Tactics
数字营销
战略：Increase lead collection by 25%.
策略：
- Add a popup lead collection form on a website to collect leads
- Add sign-up form on all posts
- 提供免费的案例研究以获取潜在客户
- 运行社交媒体促销s
- 进行测验
Sales
战略：Increase sales by 20%.
策略：
- 提供折扣
- Offer coupon
- 运行社交媒体促销
- 使用电视广告
- Enter into new markets
Characteristics of a Good Strategy
- 明确的目标：A good strategy has a well-defined and achievable goal.
- Backed Up by Data:A good strategy is well researched and supported by backup data.
- Backup Plan:如果原始策略被脱轨，则必须有一个良好的策略具有偶然性和后备计划。
- 面向未来：策略是面向未来的。
- Focused on Outcome:策略的重点是结果。
- 需要高级思考：策略由顶级管理定义。
- 简化决策：It helps in the decision-making process.
- Aligns the Team Towards a Common Goal:Strategies align the organization and project teams towards a common goal.
Characteristics of Good Tactics
- 与战略有关：Tactics are tied to a strategy, as these are actions plans for the strategy.
- 应该是短期的：Tactics are short-term actions to achieve the goals.
- Should be Time-Bound:战术是有时的完成。
- 应该可行：战术必须是可行的，以便它们可以完成。
- 包括所有详细信息：策略包括所有可能的细节，因为这些细节是针对动作的
- Present Focused:Tactics are present-oriented.
- Are Part of a Larger Plan:策略是企业战略计划的一部分。
Summary
Strategy and tactics are different but complement each other. A strategy has a bigger role, and tactics are just a part of it. Together they prepare businesses for the future in the face of disruption and fast-changing technology.
参考
R. David和H. Norton，《平衡记分卡：将战略转化为行动》，哈佛商学院出版社，1996年，第1页。289-292。
管理组织变更：实践指南，项目管理研究所，页面。26-28
https://hbr.org/1996/11/what-is-strategy
https://hbr.org/2022/04/keeping-sight-of-your-companys-long-term-vision?ab=hero-main-text
https://hbr.org/2015/03/strategys-minefield-3
https://www.pmi.org/learning/library/grow-up-already-opm3-primer-8108
https://hbr.org/2006/03/how-to-to-implement-a-new-strategy-without-distrupting-your-organization
